Measles: Causes, Symptoms, Prevention, Treatment, Complications, and Diagnosis Introduction Measles, also known as rubeola, is a highly contagious viral infection that primarily affects children. It is characterized by a distinct rash and a high fever. In this article, we will discuss the various aspects of measles, including its causes, symptoms, prevention strategies, treatment options, possible complications, transmission routes, and diagnosis methods. Causes of Measles The measles virus, scientifically known as the measles morbillivirus, is the primary cause of measles.